Skip to main content

سُورَةُ القَلَمِ

Surah 68 - Al-Qalam

The Pen

  • 52 verses
  • Juz 29
  • Pages 564 to 566 of the Mushaf

Al-Qalam opens with an oath on the pen and on what those who write set down, then at once sets aside a charge made against the one the text speaks to: his mind is not astray. An order follows - give in to no bargain - and with it the portrait of a man the surah describes at length without ever naming him. At the centre stands an episode: owners of an orchard swear to pick everything at first light without leaving the matter to what Allah wills; night passes, they find the place bare, and turn on one another over their own meanness. Pressing questions follow, put to those who deny. The text closes on the charge it began with, this time quoted from their mouths.

The main parts

  1. The oath on the pen, and the charge set aside1-7
  2. Strike no bargain, and the portrait of a man8-16
  3. The owners of the orchard, tried at first light17-33
  4. The questions put, and the day of prostration34-47
  5. The order to endure, and the charge returning48-52

The text of the surah

  1. بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ نٓ ۚ وَٱلْقَلَمِ وَمَا يَسْطُرُونَ

    Nun. By the pen and what they inscribe,

  2. مَآ أَنتَ بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ بِمَجْنُونٍۢ

    You are not, [O Muhammad], by the favor of your Lord, a madman.

  3. وَإِنَّ لَكَ لَأَجْرًا غَيْرَ مَمْنُونٍۢ

    And indeed, for you is a reward uninterrupted.

  4. وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍۢ

    And indeed, you are of a great moral character.

  5. فَسَتُبْصِرُ وَيُبْصِرُونَ

    So you will see and they will see

  6. بِأَييِّكُمُ ٱلْمَفْتُونُ

    Which of you is the afflicted [by a devil].

  7. إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَن ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِٱلْمُهْتَدِينَ

    Indeed, your Lord is most knowing of who has gone astray from His way, and He is most knowing of the [rightly] guided.

  8. فَلَا تُطِعِ ٱلْمُكَذِّبِينَ

    Then do not obey the deniers.

  9. وَدُّوا۟ لَوْ تُدْهِنُ فَيُدْهِنُونَ

    They wish that you would soften [in your position], so they would soften [toward you].

  10. وَلَا تُطِعْ كُلَّ حَلَّافٍۢ مَّهِينٍ

    And do not obey every worthless habitual swearer

  11. هَمَّازٍۢ مَّشَّآءٍۭ بِنَمِيمٍۢ

    [And] scorner, going about with malicious gossip -

  12. مَّنَّاعٍۢ لِّلْخَيْرِ مُعْتَدٍ أَثِيمٍ

    A preventer of good, transgressing and sinful,

  13. عُتُلٍّۭ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ زَنِيمٍ

    Cruel, moreover, and an illegitimate pretender.

  14. أَن كَانَ ذَا مَالٍۢ وَبَنِينَ

    Because he is a possessor of wealth and children,

  15. إِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ ءَايَٰتُنَا قَالَ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ

    When Our verses are recited to him, he says, "Legends of the former peoples."

  16. سَنَسِمُهُۥ عَلَى ٱلْخُرْطُومِ

    We will brand him upon the snout.

  17. إِنَّا بَلَوْنَٰهُمْ كَمَا بَلَوْنَآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ إِذْ أَقْسَمُوا۟ لَيَصْرِمُنَّهَا مُصْبِحِينَ

    Indeed, We have tried them as We tried the companions of the garden, when they swore to cut its fruit in the [early] morning

  18. وَلَا يَسْتَثْنُونَ

    Without making exception.

  19. فَطَافَ عَلَيْهَا طَآئِفٌۭ مِّن رَّبِّكَ وَهُمْ نَآئِمُونَ

    So there came upon the garden an affliction from your Lord while they were asleep.

  20. فَأَصْبَحَتْ كَٱلصَّرِيمِ

    And it became as though reaped.

  21. فَتَنَادَوْا۟ مُصْبِحِينَ

    And they called one another at morning,

  22. أَنِ ٱغْدُوا۟ عَلَىٰ حَرْثِكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰرِمِينَ

    [Saying], "Go early to your crop if you would cut the fruit."

  23. فَٱنطَلَقُوا۟ وَهُمْ يَتَخَٰفَتُونَ

    So they set out, while lowering their voices,

  24. أَن لَّا يَدْخُلَنَّهَا ٱلْيَوْمَ عَلَيْكُم مِّسْكِينٌۭ

    [Saying], "There will surely not enter it today upon you [any] poor person."

  25. وَغَدَوْا۟ عَلَىٰ حَرْدٍۢ قَٰدِرِينَ

    And they went early in determination, [assuming themselves] able.

  26. فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهَا قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا لَضَآلُّونَ

    But when they saw it, they said, "Indeed, we are lost;

  27. بَلْ نَحْنُ مَحْرُومُونَ

    Rather, we have been deprived."

  28. قَالَ أَوْسَطُهُمْ أَلَمْ أَقُل لَّكُمْ لَوْلَا تُسَبِّحُونَ

    The most moderate of them said, "Did I not say to you, 'Why do you not exalt [Allah]?' "

  29. قَالُوا۟ سُبْحَٰنَ رَبِّنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا ظَٰلِمِينَ

    They said, "Exalted is our Lord! Indeed, we were wrongdoers."

  30. فَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍۢ يَتَلَٰوَمُونَ

    Then they approached one another, blaming each other.

  31. قَالُوا۟ يَٰوَيْلَنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا طَٰغِينَ

    They said, "O woe to us; indeed we were transgressors.

  32. عَسَىٰ رَبُّنَآ أَن يُبْدِلَنَا خَيْرًۭا مِّنْهَآ إِنَّآ إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا رَٰغِبُونَ

    Perhaps our Lord will substitute for us [one] better than it. Indeed, we are toward our Lord desirous."

  33. كَذَٰلِكَ ٱلْعَذَابُ ۖ وَلَعَذَابُ ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ ۚ لَوْ كَانُوا۟ يَعْلَمُونَ

    Such is the punishment [of this world]. And the punishment of the Hereafter is greater, if they only knew.

  34. إِنَّ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّٰتِ ٱلنَّعِيمِ

    Indeed, for the righteous with their Lord are the Gardens of Pleasure.

  35. أَفَنَجْعَلُ ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَ كَٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ

    Then will We treat the Muslims like the criminals?

  36. مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُونَ

    What is [the matter] with you? How do you judge?

  37. أَمْ لَكُمْ كِتَٰبٌۭ فِيهِ تَدْرُسُونَ

    Or do you have a scripture in which you learn

  38. إِنَّ لَكُمْ فِيهِ لَمَا تَخَيَّرُونَ

    That indeed for you is whatever you choose?

  39. أَمْ لَكُمْ أَيْمَٰنٌ عَلَيْنَا بَٰلِغَةٌ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ ۙ إِنَّ لَكُمْ لَمَا تَحْكُمُونَ

    Or do you have oaths [binding] upon Us, extending until the Day of Resurrection, that indeed for you is whatever you judge?

  40. سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُم بِذَٰلِكَ زَعِيمٌ

    Ask them which of them, for that [claim], is responsible.

  41. أَمْ لَهُمْ شُرَكَآءُ فَلْيَأْتُوا۟ بِشُرَكَآئِهِمْ إِن كَانُوا۟ صَٰدِقِينَ

    Or do they have partners? Then let them bring their partners, if they should be truthful.

  42. يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَن سَاقٍۢ وَيُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى ٱلسُّجُودِ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ

    The Day the shin will be uncovered and they are invited to prostration but the disbelievers will not be able,

  43. خَٰشِعَةً أَبْصَٰرُهُمْ تَرْهَقُهُمْ ذِلَّةٌۭ ۖ وَقَدْ كَانُوا۟ يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى ٱلسُّجُودِ وَهُمْ سَٰلِمُونَ

    Their eyes humbled, humiliation will cover them. And they used to be invited to prostration while they were sound.

  44. فَذَرْنِى وَمَن يُكَذِّبُ بِهَٰذَا ٱلْحَدِيثِ ۖ سَنَسْتَدْرِجُهُم مِّنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

    So leave Me, [O Muhammad], with [the matter of] whoever denies the Qur'an. We will progressively lead them [to punishment] from where they do not know.

  45. وَأُمْلِى لَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ كَيْدِى مَتِينٌ

    And I will give them time. Indeed, My plan is firm.

  46. أَمْ تَسْـَٔلُهُمْ أَجْرًۭا فَهُم مِّن مَّغْرَمٍۢ مُّثْقَلُونَ

    Or do you ask of them a payment, so they are by debt burdened down?

  47. أَمْ عِندَهُمُ ٱلْغَيْبُ فَهُمْ يَكْتُبُونَ

    Or have they [knowledge of] the unseen, so they write [it] down?

  48. فَٱصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ وَلَا تَكُن كَصَاحِبِ ٱلْحُوتِ إِذْ نَادَىٰ وَهُوَ مَكْظُومٌۭ

    Then be patient for the decision of your Lord, [O Muhammad], and be not like the companion of the fish when he called out while he was distressed.

  49. لَّوْلَآ أَن تَدَٰرَكَهُۥ نِعْمَةٌۭ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ لَنُبِذَ بِٱلْعَرَآءِ وَهُوَ مَذْمُومٌۭ

    If not that a favor from his Lord overtook him, he would have been thrown onto the naked shore while he was censured.

  50. فَٱجْتَبَٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَجَعَلَهُۥ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ

    And his Lord chose him and made him of the righteous.

  51. وَإِن يَكَادُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَيُزْلِقُونَكَ بِأَبْصَٰرِهِمْ لَمَّا سَمِعُوا۟ ٱلذِّكْرَ وَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّهُۥ لَمَجْنُونٌۭ

    And indeed, those who disbelieve would almost make you slip with their eyes when they hear the message, and they say, "Indeed, he is mad."

  52. وَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرٌۭ لِّلْعَٰلَمِينَ

    But it is not except a reminder to the worlds.

Key verses of the surah

  • The opening oath, sworn on a writing instrument and on what it sets down.

    بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ نٓ ۚ وَٱلْقَلَمِ وَمَا يَسْطُرُونَ

    Nun. By the pen and what they inscribe,

  • Praise of character, addressed to the one the text speaks to, two verses after the denial that opens the surah.

    وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍۢ

    And indeed, you are of a great moral character.

  • The verse that launches the orchard episode, given as a trial like the one the hearers face.

    إِنَّا بَلَوْنَٰهُمْ كَمَا بَلَوْنَآ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ إِذْ أَقْسَمُوا۟ لَيَصْرِمُنَّهَا مُصْبِحِينَ

    Indeed, We have tried them as We tried the companions of the garden, when they swore to cut its fruit in the [early] morning

  • The charge set aside in verse 2 comes back, this time put in the mouths of those who refuse.

    وَإِن يَكَادُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَيُزْلِقُونَكَ بِأَبْصَٰرِهِمْ لَمَّا سَمِعُوا۟ ٱلذِّكْرَ وَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّهُۥ لَمَجْنُونٌۭ

    And indeed, those who disbelieve would almost make you slip with their eyes when they hear the message, and they say, "Indeed, he is mad."

What is surah Al-Qalam about?

Of a denial and what follows from it. A charge is set aside in the second verse, then the text turns the question back on those who make it: a man described but not named, an orchard lost because it was promised without reserve, questions left unanswered.

Who is the man described in surah Al-Qalam?

The text does not say. Verses 10 to 16 charge him with swearing at every turn, spreading talk, blocking good, and report that he calls the verses recited to him tales from long ago. No name is given, there or anywhere else in the surah.

What happens in the orchard episode of surah Al-Qalam?

Owners swear to gather everything at daybreak and to let no needy person in. They leave out any submission of their plan to what Allah wills. While they sleep the orchard is destroyed; arriving, they think they have lost their way, then the most measured among them recalls what they left out. Verses 17 to 33.

How does surah Al-Qalam end?

With five verses that order steadiness and warn against haste, recalling the one the text calls the man of the fish. Then the hostile look of those who hear, the charge repeated, and a last verse calling the whole a reminder for all creation.

Why is surah Al-Qalam called that?

“Al-Qalam” means “the Pen”. The word is the one in the first verse, where an oath is sworn on it and on what those who write set down. That is its only occurrence in the surah: the title holds on to the object of the opening oath, not to the subject of the text.

How many verses does surah Al-Qalam have?

Surah Al-Qalam has 52 verses. It stands at number 68 in the order of the Mushaf, which holds 114.

The Arabic text is that of the Mushaf. The summary, the outline and the answers on this page describe the text and how it is built: they are not religious commentary.

Themes that quote this surah

    This site uses cookies

    Data security

    Essential cookies are used for sign-in and security. With your consent, an audience-measurement cookie helps us improve the site.

    Cookie details